Fitness- sound physically and mentally

Repetitions- the number of times one repeats a movement. For example, if you lift a weight with your arm 10 times, you have performed 10 repetitions.

Sets- a distinct number of repetitions. For example, if you lift a weight 10 times, rest, and lift the weight 10 times again, you have performed “two sets” of 10 reps.

Muscle- the contractile unit responsible for moving your bones.

Tendon- the non-contractile unit that transmits the force of the muscle to the bone. Tendons connect muscles to bones.

Ligament- the soft tissues that hold two or more bones together.

Cartilage- connective tissue that covers the ends of bones and acts as a cushion to absorb shock and a smooth surface to decrease friction between two or more bones in a moving joint.

Aerobic Exercise- The American College of Sports Medicine defines aerobic exercise as “any activity that uses large muscle groups, can be maintained continuously, and is rhythmic in nature.” , your body is burning its fuel in the presence of oxygen. In other words it is performed at less than 85% of your maximum heart rate. An aerobically fit individual can work longer, more vigorously and achieve a quicker recovery aat the end of the aerobic session. Jogging, cycling, swimmimg are examples of aerobic exercises.

Anaerobic exercise- Working at higher than 85% of your maximum heart rate. It involves short bursts of exertion followed by periods of rest. Anaerobic mean in the absence of oxygen. In other words, it is the burning of glucose, by the body, without the use of oxygen. Weight training and sprinting are examples of anaerobic exercise.

Plyometrics- Exercises characterized by the application of quick muscle stretch followed by rapid muscle shortening enabling muscle to achieve maximal rates of force development. They are intended to improve reactive/ explosive muscle performance.

Circuit training- Selected weight-training exercises performed one after another in an exercise sequence, usually using lighter weights and short periods of rest.

Flexibility- The total range of motion in a joint of joints.

Strength- a muscles ability to generate force. It is usually measure with a one repetition maximum.

Resistance Training- The use of external force to build up the body’s ability to exert muscular force.

Endurance- the ability of uscles to contract repeatedly and resist fatigue.

Core Strength- a multi-joint exercise, involving larger muscle groups such as the chest, back, hip, thigh and shoulder muscles. Core exercises should receive priority because of their direct application to a sport.

Cross Training- the use of more than on type of exercise to achieve your training goals.

Proprioception- the body’s ability to sense where it is in space. For example, close your eyes and touch your nose. How were you able to move your finger to your nose without seeing it? Your body uses its sensory system in the joints and muscles to know where it is going. Balance and coordination both depend on you body’s proprioceptive skills.

Pilates- a series of non-impact exercises designed by Joseph Pilates to develop strength, flexibility and balance.

Exercise Ball- a large rubber ball used for strength, balance, and flexibility.

Maximum Heart Rate- the fastest your heart can beat. It is found by taking 220 and subtracting your age.

Target Heart Rate- your target heart rate is a range you exercise in and should be 60-85% of your maximum heart rate.